By Arion McNicoll, for CNN
August 1, 2013 -- Updated 1627 GMT (0027 HKT) | Filed under: Innovations
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| Simon Dale built his own 'Hobbit House' for less than $5,000. Dale says the whole building was constructed with just a hammer, a one-inch chisel and a chainsaw, and was made largely of scavenged materials. Dale says: "Anything you could possibly want is in a rubbish pile somewhere -- windows, burner, plumbing, wiring." |
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| Dale, who has no training as a builder, built his eco-home with the help of a few friends and family members. His ecologically-friendly home uses water from a nearby stream, and is heated by a wood burning stove with wood gathered from the surrounding forests. The property has a compost toilet, and is powered by solar panels on the roof. |
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| After living in the cosy house, Dale moved out in 2009, leaving the property to be used by the woodland workers who pass through the site. He has now applied the principles he learned during the construction of his first home to build a new small house in West Wales. |
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| Not everyone will have the confidence to build their own home from scratch. If you need a bit more guidance than Simon Dale, you could go online and download the plans to the 'WikiHouse' -- the world's first 'open-source' building. The designs require no special parts. In fact, the whole building can be made like a jigsaw puzzle from pieces of timber that snap together. Imagine a flat-pack IKEA cupboard, but bigger, more sophisticated, and without the need for Allen keys |
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| According to its inventors, the WikiHouse can be constructed in under a day, by people with absolutely no training in construction whatsoever. |
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| One of the central aspects of the WikiHouse is its collaborative nature. The basic WikiHouse designs have been adapted by architects in New Zealand into post-earthquake shelters. And in Rio de Janiero to help provide a solution to the mounting housing crisis in the city's favelas. |
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| Dominic Stevens adopted the same spirit of openness when he built his own three-bedroom house near Dublin. The Irish architect created a blog to document the process, from laying the foundations to finishing the interior. "By sharing my plans, I hope that it might be inspirational to people who have the skills, or will, or wish to put their own house together," Stevens said. |
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| Stevens' plans for constructing your own home are available online for free to help amateur builders get started, with easy-to-follow cartoon instructions for those who wish to build their own 'Irish Vernacular' house. |
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| With the help of a handful of friends, Stevens managed to do most of the construction on his home over the course of a single long weekend and all for less than $35,000 |
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| Professional architects have also become interested in the idea of economical, ecological living. Renzo Piano's 'Diogene' house is a tiny 65 square-foot wooden building designed to promote self-sufficiency. The house collects and recycles its own water, and is powered by solar cells in its roof. |
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| Piano recently designed Europe's largest skyscraper, but the Diogene is his firm's smallest ever construction. In spite of its tiny scale, the house has two distinct spaces -- one half with a sofa bed, table, chairs and storage and the other split into a kitchen and bathroom. |
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| Some builders, such as Rob and Alithea Dawson, have thrown a little more money into their self-build projects. The Dawsons built their own energy-efficient oak home in the woods in Somerset, UK for around $150,000. |
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| Rob and Alithea designed the house themselves, drawing inspiration from magazines and DIY home exhibitions. Their vaulted living space upstairs looks out into the surrounding forests. For more photos visit the home building website. |
(CNN) -- Imagine if it were possible to build your own home, in this day and age, for less than $35,000. Or to cut up some timber and piece your new home together like a giant jigsaw puzzle.
What if you could create, with your own hands, a home that collects its own rainwater and generates its own power, so you never have to pay a bill again?
As far-fetched as it sounds, if you can't afford to buy a house, then designing and building your own may be more viable than you assumed. Today, upcoming architects and designers are coming up with solutions to the problem of rocketing property prices, by building houses of their own and sharing their plans on the internet.
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In the UK, a young architectural practice has devised the world's first 'open-source' building. Made of simple materials and freely available plans, the 'WikiHouse' was conceived by English designer Alastair Parvin as a low-cost solution to the global housing shortage.
The aim of the project is to allow anyone in the world to design, share, download, adapt and 'print' a house that is inexpensive and tailored to their own needs.
Construction of the house requires no special parts and the entire building can be made from pieces of timber that snap together. According to its inventors, the frame of the WikiHouse can be assembled in under a day, by people with absolutely no construction training.
Using a CNC machine, amateur builders can download cutting files from the company's website and then "print" the component parts of the WikiHouse from a sheet of plywood.
Parvin says that the motivation for designing cheap, easy-to-build housing was to help make architecture more accessible. "The open secret is that in reality almost everything we today call architecture is actually design for the 1%," Parvin says. "The challenge facing the next generation of architects is how, for the first time, we will make our client not the 1% but the 100% -- to radically democratize the production of architecture."
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For Parvin, spreading affordable housing requires the empowerment of amateurs. "We are moving into a future where the factory can be everywhere -- and increasingly the design team can be everyone. We need to build tools and institutions for the social economy -- the 'long tail' of people who are making for themselves," Parvin says.
This same spirit is present in Dominic Stevens' grassroots project 'Irish Vernacular', in which he built a home for $33,200. Stevens documented his efforts to create his house online to inspire others who might wish to follow his lead. The blog features comprehensive photography and information on the building process, plus professional plans and cartoon instructions that are simple enough for almost anyone to follow.
Stevens' self-built home is a stunningly impressive three bedroom house that looks like it's been ripped from the pages of Wallpaper magazine. The building's bright living spaces and high quality finish belie its low price. According to Stevens, the house was primarily made from timber, and its roof is clad with a lightweight corrugated material called onduline. The house was largely constructed by a small group of Stevens' friends over the course of a long weekend (plus a little extra time to get the project finalized).
After sharing his plans online, Stevens says that he received significant interest from people hoping to build their own home. "By sharing my plans, I hope that it might be inspirational to people who have the skills, or will, or wish to put their own house together."
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Stevens has also found that making his plans publicly available has actually stimulated his business. "I think if you open up and submit to sharing things, you get it all back," he says.
Craig Strachan, Development Director at the National Self Build Association warns that not everyone will necessarily be able to build their own home: "Dominic Stevens' project is inspiring -- a fantastic home created for a fraction of the usual cost, however the time and energy required to do this make it difficult for the 'average person' to undertake."
Seeking a cheaper lifestyle and a more ecological existence, Simon Dale built his own 'Hobbit House' in Wales back in 2009 for just $4,600 (£3,000). Dale says the whole building was constructed with a hammer, a one-inch chisel and a chainsaw, and was made largely of scavenged materials. Dale says "Anything you could possibly want is in a rubbish pile somewhere -- windows, burner, plumbing, wiring."
Dale, who has no training as a builder, built his eco-home with the help of a few friends and family members. The eco-home uses water from a nearby stream, and is heated by a wood burning stove with wood gathered from the surrounding forests. The property has a compost toilet, and is powered by solar panels on the roof.
Famous architects have also been turning their minds to the global housing crisis. Renzo Piano, the designer of the Shard -- London's tallest building -- recently unveiled a working model for the 'Diogene' -- the smallest scale project he has ever mounted, which attempts to create a functional micro home that is fully featured but at an economical scale.
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| Simon Dale made his own 'hobbit home' for less than $5,000 using materials he scavenged from the local area |
Renzo Piano's Diogene house is designed to function self-sufficiently. Water is collected by the house, then cleaned and reused. The house also generates its own power through solar panels mounted on the roof.
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Architecture critic Hubertus Adam says that Piano's design addresses many of the housing crisis's central problems: "We live in an age in which the demand for sustainability forces us to minimize our ecological footprint. This is paired with the desire to concentrate and reduce the direct living environment to the truly essential things."
Strachan says that individuals building their own houses may be critical to the future of home ownership: "self build and custom build offer people a real alternative to buying a new home, and allows them to define the environment in which they live. Most projects use local labor and materials which helps stimulate the economy around them."
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